The Role of Family, Social, and Healthcare Support in Enhancing Parental Caregiving for Children with Cancer

Objective: This study examined the relationship between family, social, and healthcare provider support and the caregiving ability of parents of children with cancer in Indonesia. Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted among 126 parents of pediatric cancer patients at the Islamic Hospital of Surabaya. Data were collected using validated Likert-scale instruments: the Family Support Scale, Peer Support Questionnaire, and Nursing Support Scale. Parental caregiving ability was assessed across three domains: emotional regulation, provision of nutrition and medication, and cooperation with medical procedures. Multiple linear regression analysis was applied. Results: Family, social, and healthcare provider support were all statistically significant predictors of caregiving ability (Adjusted R² = 0.43; p < .001). Family support showed the strongest influence (β = 0.39), followed by healthcare provider support (β = 0.28) and social support (β = 0.19). Conclusions: Family cohesion, healthcare partnership, and social connectedness are critical to strengthening parental caregiving. Integrating psychosocial and family-centered care into Indonesia’s National Cancer Control Program and National Action Plan for Childhood Cancer may enhance holistic pediatric oncology services nationwide.