The Correlation between Helicobacter pylori Chronic Gastritis in Adults and Anemia in GIT Center in Baghdad City

Helicobacter pylori is a widespread gastric bacterium that is linked to ulcers, chronic gastritis, and iron deficiency anemia (IDA); this paper examines its connection with anemia and determines the diagnostic value of histopathological biopsy in patients with a Baghdad GIT Center in Iraq. The study was a prospective study on 70 patients who arrived at the Gastrointestinal Center of Medical City Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq, between August and December 2024, complaining of different gastrointestinal problems. The study included both male and female participants. For each patient, detailed demographic and clinical data were recorded. Laboratory investigations included complete blood count, peripheral blood smear examination for morphological assessment, and measurement of serum ferritin levels. The mean age was 34 years in groups 1 and 2 and 25 years in group 3. The most common symptoms were epigastric pain (30%), abdominal pain (21.43%), and dyspepsia (18.57%), with other features including nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, weight loss, and bleeding. Normochromic normocytic anemia (58.57%) was the most frequent type, followed by iron-deficiency anemia (41.43%). Patients were classified by hemoglobin levels into three groups (6–8, 9–11, and 12–15.7 g/dl). Significant differences were observed in hematological parameters, and Pearson correlation analysis revealed distinct group-specific relationships among Hb, hematocrit, red blood cell (RBC) indices, red blood cell distribution width (RDW), and serum ferritin. A type of anemia called normochromic normocytic anemia was the most common in people with H. Pylori chronic gastritis in the GIT center. It was followed by IDA. However, the results need to be repeated in a multicenter study in Iraq with a bigger population sample.