Evaluation of the possibility of passive monitoring of the seismoelectromagnetic effect

This study investigates the possibility of passive monitoring of the seismoelectromagnetic effect – the generation of electromagnetic waves by seismic vibrations. The extent of its manifestation depends on the properties of the rock and pore fluid. This forms the basis for a proposed observation system for the state of the Earth's near-surface layers. An approach to data analysis is proposed, based on the method of passive seismic tomography and utilizing correlation analysis of seismic and electromagnetic noise. To evaluate the prospects of such monitoring, recordings of signals from various physical fields obtained under different conditions were examined. The results show that monitoring the electric field appears more promising compared to monitoring the magnetic field; however, it requires a substantial reduction in the noise level and improvement of signal processing methods. Reducing the measurement noise to the instrument's self-noise could potentially decrease the time required to measure the magnitude of the seismoelectric effect with high accuracy to several seconds.