Electromagnetic Exposure to Child Passengers of Positioning Antennas for Autonomous Driving Electric Vehicles

With the rapid development of electric vehicles (EVs) and autonomous driving (AD) technologies, the issue of electromagnetic exposure of passengers, especially children, to the electromagnetic radiation generated by the positioning antennas of AD has received increasing attention. In this study, COMSOL Multiphysics is used to construct the models of an EV, a positioning antenna and a child human body, and the levels of electromagnetic exposure of a child passenger to the positioning antenna in AD are calculated. Results indicate that the maximum value of induced electric field in a child’s body is 23 V/m, and the maximum value of the SAR1g of the child’s body is 0.19 W/kg. Additionally, the maximum temperature rise in the child body is 0.55∘C. The electromagnetic exposure levels of the child passenger calculated in this study are all lower than the safety limits defined by international authoritative institutions. Therefore, the electromagnetic radiation levels from the positioning antenna comply with international safety standards. Based on the analysis of this study, no significant health effects on child passengers have been observed. The results of this study can supplement studies on the electromagnetic environment of AD in EVs and can provide guidance for ensuring the travel safety of child passengers.