Modern approaches to the management of complications of extrahepatic portal hypertension due to extensive portal system thrombosis

This article provides a systematic review of current literature on extensive portal system thrombosis. It examines etiology, pathogenesis, classifications, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and comprehensive management of this condition. The particular focus is placed on the differentiated approach to a treatment strategy—ranging from anticoagulant therapy to endovascular and surgical interventions. The relevance of the topic is underscored by the high frequency of life-threatening complications, such as gastroesophageal variceal bleeding, portal cholangiopathy and mesenteric ischemia. This work aims to synthesize contemporary knowledge on the management of patients with portal system thrombosis to optimize diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms.