A questionnaire-based study on the medication adherence among elderly patients with chronic diseases and the impact of family support

Older adults often manage multiple chronic conditions that require several medications simultaneously, which can hinder consistent adherence. Poor adherence may lead to preventable hospitalizations, adverse clinical outcomes, and increased healthcare burden. In India, challenges such as limited health literacy, financial constraints, and complex treatment regimens can further reduce adherence. Although social and familial support influence health behaviors, their role in medication-taking among elderly individuals in rural settings is not well defined. This study aimed to assess medication adherence among elderly patients with chronic illnesses using the Medication Adherence Rating Scale (MARS) and to examine the impact of family and social support using the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 100 patients aged 60 years and older attending an outpatient clinic and health checkup camp. Participants completed MARS and MSPSS questionnaires. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, comparative tests, and correlation analysis. Overall, 86% of participants demonstrated adequate adherence. Adherence did not significantly differ by age, gender, occupation, or duration of illness. Most participants reported moderate to high perceived social support, mainly from family. Interestingly, a significant negative correlation was observed between social support and adherence ( r =˗0.292, P = 0.003), suggesting that higher perceived support was associated with lower adherence. Medication adherence among elderly patients was generally high. The unexpected inverse relationship with social support highlights that the quality and type of support may be more influential than its mere presence. Interventions should combine patient education with structured support strategies to sustain adherence and improve clinical outcomes.