RELEVANCE OF BIOFEEDBACK IN REMOTE REHABILITATION AFTER STROKE

Introduction. Over the past several decades, stroke has remained a leading cause of long-term disability, requiring a comprehensive and individualized approach to rehabilitation. Aim. To study the effectiveness of using biofeedback during remote rehabilitation using the «Osnova» simulator for patients with stroke. Materials and methods. The study involved men aged 45-60 years with impaired locomotor functions as a result of cerebral and spinal cord accidents. Given the nature of the disease and the age range, only one group of 10 people participated in the study. At the outpatient and remote stages, at the beginning of the program and every 5 sessions, the Berg balance test and the ‘Get Up and Walk’ test were performed. During the sessions, the following vital signs were obtained: blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), and stress level, as measured by an electronic device (Garmin smartwatch) that assesses heart rate variability (HRV). Results. As part of a four-week rehabilitation program for patients after stroke, the main vital signs were monitored during exercises in a vertical and horizontal position. The data obtained (coefficient of variation) shows that the participants are homogeneous. During the first week, the heart rate ranged from 77±1.09 to 86±3.26 bpm with a tendency to increase, indicating the initial adaptation of the cardiovascular system. In the second week, the heart rate decreased to 73±1.68-76±1.45 bpm at the beginning, but by the fifth session, it increased again to 84 bpm due to an increase in exercise intensity. The third and fourth weeks showed consistently high heart rate values – up to 95±2.00 bpm, which indicates adaptation and increased endurance. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased from the initial values of 128±3.35-137±2.75 mmHg and 86±3.13-93±2.17 mmHg to stable normal values of 121±0.98-129±3.74 and 76±4.29-90±1.67 mmHg, confirming the safety of rehabilitation on the «Osnova» simulator. Conclusions. The introduction of the latest technologies, such as biofeedback and tele-rehabilitation, significantly improves the effectiveness of patient recovery. The results of the study showed a significant improvement in the functional state of the cardiovascular system and the body's adaptation to physical activity in different body positions using the «Osnova» device.