Advanced Algebra and GeometryAlgebraic Geometry and Number TheoryAlgebraic structures and combinatorial models

Jean-Pierre Labesse

2026.4.22Representation Theory

DOI: 10.1090/ert/715

Abstract

<p> Let <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper F"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>F</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">F</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> be a local field of characteristic <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="p"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">p</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> and <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper G"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>G</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">G</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> be a connected reductive <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper F"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>F</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">F</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> -group. Shalika’s germ expansion of orbital integrals of regular semisimple elements near the identity, when it exists, is a sum indexed by the set <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="script upper U Superscript upper G"> <mml:semantics> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mi class="MJX-tex-caligraphic" mathvariant="script">U</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mi>G</mml:mi> </mml:msup> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\mathcal {U}^G</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> of unipotent conjugacy classes in <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper G left-parenthesis upper F right-parenthesis"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>G</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>F</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">G(F)</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> . For <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper G equals upper S upper L left-parenthesis 2 right-parenthesis"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>G</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mi>S</mml:mi> <mml:mi>L</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">G=SL(2)</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> the set <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="script upper U Superscript upper G"> <mml:semantics> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mi class="MJX-tex-caligraphic" mathvariant="script">U</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mi>G</mml:mi> </mml:msup> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\mathcal {U}^G</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> is finite if <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="p not-equals 2"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:mo> ≠ </mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">p\ne 2</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> while it is uncountable if <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="p equals 2"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">p= 2</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> . As a consequence, Shalika’s germ expansion for elliptic elements does not make sense for <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper S upper L left-parenthesis 2 comma upper F right-parenthesis"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>S</mml:mi> <mml:mi>L</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mi>F</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">SL(2,F)</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> if <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="p equals 2"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">p=2</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> . On the other hand endoscopic expansion of elliptic orbital integrals exists in arbitrary characteristics, at least for <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper S upper L left-parenthesis 2 right-parenthesis"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>S</mml:mi> <mml:mi>L</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">SL(2)</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> , and yields a germ expansion, equivalent if <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="p not-equals 2"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:mo> ≠ </mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn>

Citation format

LABESSE, Jean-Pierre. Germ expansion in arbitrary characteristics. Representation Theory, 2026, 30(5): 144–150.