Urban Transformation in the Landscape of Algerian Sahara: The Case of El Oued City, Algeria

This study examines the urban change of El Oued city in the Algerian Sahara through an analysis of traditional, colonial, spontaneous, and planned urban fabrics. The research material includes field observations of architectural and urban patterns, along with demographic, morphological, geographic, and climatic data pertaining to El Oued city. The objective is to evaluate how classical architectural elements and planning methodologies, adapted for the desert environment and cultural context, influence contemporary urban development. The results indicate that traditional textiles, characterized by their diminutive dimensions and use of local materials such as loess and gypsum, promote social cohesion and thermal comfort. Nonetheless, colonial and spontaneous processes resulting from rapid urbanization have disrupted the equilibrium with the environment and cultural heritage. The study underscores the importance of integrating historic design concepts with modern urban planning to preserve the city's character and promote environmental sustainability.