Oxidative Stress Induced Alterations in Red Blood Cells and Their Role in Cardiovascular Pathophysiology

Introduction: Oxidative stress is a fundamental contributor to cardiovascular pathophysiology, primarily through excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that disrupt cellular homeostasis. Red blood cells play a critical role in oxygen transport and redox balance; however, they are highly vulnerable to oxidative damage, which may impair their structural integrity and promote vascular dysfunction. Objective: This study aimed to examine oxidative stress-induced alterations in red blood cell parameters, antioxidant defence systems, and inflammatory responses, and to elucidate their potential role in cardiovascular pathophysiology. Methods: An experimental laboratory study was conducted using 30 male Wistar rats randomly assigned to control and oxidative stress groups. Oxidative stress was induced by intraperitoneal administration of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) for 14 days.