Ten-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk and associated factors in community-dwelling adults: a cross-sectional study

Background. Given the high burden of cardiovascular diseases, identifying individuals at high risk and designing effective prevention strategies with limited resources is important. We estimated the 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk among Vietnamese adults and identified associated factors. Methods. This cross-sectional study included 800 participants aged 40–79 years from Quang Binh Province, Vietnam. Laboratory tests and structured questionnaires were used to collect clinical and lifestyle data. The 10-year ASCVD risk was estimated using the ACC/AHA ASCVD Risk Estimator (2019). Logistic regression analysis was performed to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Participants were categorized as low (<5%), borderline (5%–<7.5%), intermediate (7.5%–<20%), or high (≥20%). Results. Among the 800 participants, 37.4% were classified as low risk, 9.8% as borderline risk, 31.5% as intermediate risk, and 21.3% as high risk. Males had a higher predicted risk than females. Increased risk was associated with obesity (OR = 2.27, 95% CI: 1.09–4.73), current alcohol consumption (OR = 1.98, 95% CI: 1.42–2.77), and non-government occupation (OR = 4.84, 95% CI: 3.00–7.80). Conclusions. A substantial proportion of community-dwelling adults had elevated predicted 10-year ASCVD risk. Several sociodemographic and behavioral factors were associated with higher risk. The ASCVD risk estimator may not be fully calibrated for this population, and the cross-sectional design limits causal inference.