AI-Enhanced Intelligent Control of PEM Fuel Cell Supply Pressure Under Uncertainty Using an Additive Manufacturing-Based Model

Adjusting the pressure of the supply manifold is one of the most important control steps to prevent oxygen deficiency and the proper operation of PEM fuel cells.As the most important and most consumed renewable resources in the transportation section, PEM fuel cells play a special role in the energy supply chain, and of course will continue to do so.The basis of this paper is to first describe the current situation and challenges related to PEM cells, and then by fully describing PEMFC based on additive manufacturing approaches, it presents a nonlinear model for this type of fuel cells.Additive manufacturing methods are one of the most important commercialization approaches in recent years to accelerate the manufacturing and increase the lifespan of fuel cells, and of course, the proposed model in this study also covers the adverse factors of nonlinearity, uncertainty and disturbances affecting fuel cell pressure.Finally, this paper presents an innovative control approach to adjust the supply manifold pressure and prevent oxygen starvation as the most important factor in reducing PEMFC life.The outputs of the two intelligent (fuzzy) and robust (reset) methods are placed as the inputs of the intelligent BELBIC technique and this inventive structure, in addition to regulating the pressure of the feeding manifold of the PEMFC cell, is able to improve the transient and long-term response of the PEMFC cell, as the comparative results in the MATLAB environment confirm this fact.