From planning to practice: How users adapt recreational spaces in Zouaghi urban park, Constantine (Algeria)

Urban planning policies increasingly recognize the importance of green spaces in enhancing the quality of life for city dwellers. However, actual uses and perceptions of these spaces by residents are often overlooked. This study examines recreational practices in Zouaghi Urban Park, Constantine, Algeria, through direct observations and surveys with park users. The findings reveal a paradox: while the park's design aligns with official landscaping objectives, its actual use diverges significantly. For instance, spaces intended for passive relaxation are frequently repurposed for informal sports activities and social gatherings, particularly by residents from low-income neighborhoods. These alternative uses highlight a mismatch between planning intentions and community needs. The study underscores the necessity of integrating social demand into urban planning to ensure a better alignment between public policies and real-life recreational practices, ultimately fostering more inclusive and functional urban green spaces.