Urban forestation in Apulia (southern Italy): An overview

This study analyzes the diversity of urban forest vegetation in Apulia through a systematic census of reforestation projects planned or implemented across the territories of the six provinces (Bari, Foggia, Barletta-Andria-Trani, Taranto, Brindisi e Lecce). The survey, conducted on the basis of a literature review, analysis of documents of municipal administrations, and field observations, identified 40 interventions, with a clear predominance in the province of Bari. A total of 55 tree and shrub species were recorded, dominated by taxa belonging to the families of Fagaceae, Rosaceae, Oleaceae, and Lamiaceae families. Chorological analysis highlights a strong prevalence for native species, selected for their adaptability to thermo-Mediterranean conditions, high climate resilience, and ability to provide ecosystem services, including microclimate regulation, stormwater management, and support for urban biodiversity. The Poggiofranco district case study in Bari represents a significant example of advanced ecological design, with the planting of species consistent with the potential natural vegetation of the area. Many interventions involve the rehabilitation of degraded urban sites, confirming urban reforestation as an effective tool for environmental and social regeneration. The results emphasize the need to monitor naturalized or potentially invasive species and promote interdisciplinary planning aimed at long-term climate resilience and sustainability.