Clinical profile and visual outcomes of surgically managed corneal trauma in a rural tertiary care center

Corneal trauma is a major cause of preventable visual impairment in rural populations due to high occupational exposure and delayed access to specialized ophthalmic care. Evaluating the clinical profile and determinants of visual outcome following surgical repair is essential for improving management strategies. This retrospective observational study included 30 patients with corneal or corneoscleral trauma who underwent primary surgical repair at a rural tertiary care center. Demographic details, injury characteristics, associated ocular findings, and surgical management were analyzed. Final visual acuity at the last follow-up was the primary outcome measure. Associations between clinical variables and visual outcome were assessed using Fisher’s exact test. Most patients were young to middle-aged males from rural backgrounds. Full-thickness corneal tears were more common than corneoscleral injuries, with central and paracentral involvement frequently observed. More than half of the patients presented after 24 h of injury. Favorable visual outcome (≥6/18) was achieved in 36.7% of cases. Delayed presentation, central or paracentral corneal involvement, and associated lens injury showed a statistically significant association with an unfavorable final visual outcome. Corneal trauma continues to be an important cause of visual morbidity in rural settings. Early presentation and prompt surgical intervention are crucial for achieving better visual outcomes. Preventive strategies, including awareness programs and the use of protective eyewear, are essential to reduce the burden of corneal trauma.