Climate vulnerability and household energy poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa

The objective of this article is to analyse the effect of climate vulnerability on energy poverty. To do this, we adopted a Tobit model on 872,469 households in 34 countries in sub-Saharan Africa. The data used for the period 2010–2022 come mainly from three databases: EDS, ND-GAIN and WGI. The results obtained show that climate vulnerability significantly increases the level of energy poverty of households in Sub-Saharan Africa, as well as in regional subgroups and residential areas. The analysis by regional sub-blocks reveals that the marginal effects are more significant in southern and central Africa. However, the analysis by residential area confirms a higher marginal effect in urban areas. We recommend the implementation of economic policies aimed not only at diversifying energy sources with the adoption of renewable energies, but also at using adaptation and mitigation mechanisms that can reduce the levels of climate vulnerability. These recommendations must jointly take into account each regional sub-block and the area where the households are located in order to propose solutions adapted to the needs of the different households.