DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF HIGH STABILITY SWITCH MODE POWER SUPPLY FOR REVERSE OSMOSIS WATER PURIFIER

Design and development of a switch-mode power supply tailored for reverse osmosis (RO) water purifiers is presented, delivering a regulated 24V, 2.5A DC output. A flyback converter topology was selected due to its compact size, inherent galvanic isolation, and suitability for medium-power applications. The system operates in Continuous Conduction Mode (CCM), ensuring steady energy transfer between the transformer’s windings, which reduces output ripple and enhances dynamic response under variable loads. The SMPS maintains voltage regulation within ±1.2% across a broad AC input range of 150V to 260V, addressing common variations in residential voltage. Efficiency exceeds 82% at nominal load, while output ripple remains below 60 mV-adequate for sensitive RO components, such as pumps, solenoids, and control modules. The initial prototype was built on a breadboard, followed by realization on a custom PCB optimized for electromagnetic interference mitigation and thermal performance. Integration with a domestic RO system confirmed the design’s reliability. Under prolonged operation, the power supply stabilized thermally at approximately 60°C without requiring active cooling. Cost-effectiveness, compactness, and electrical stability are key strengths of this design. The use of CCM flyback operation, precise feedback control, and robust filtering techniques contributes to efficient and reliable long-term performance. This implementation offers a practical and replicable approach for engineers developing SMPS units for low- to medium-power applications where space, efficiency, and stable output are critical.