Conceptual Development of Differential Lunar Navigation Satellite System on the Moon Using a Swarm of Lunar Rovers

Abstract This study introduces strategies for the establishment of a differential lunar navigation satellite system (DLNSS) on the Moon using a swarm of lunar rovers and provides a performance analysis. The proposed DLNSS can enhance user positioning accuracy by broadcasting differential correction messages generated using raw measurements collected at multiple reference receivers with accurately known antenna coordinates. However, accurately determining the coordinates of reference receiver antennas presents a challenge, particularly in the absence of precise positioning