Optimization of Combustion Stability and Fuel Economy for Dedicated Hybrid Engines with High Exhaust Gas Recirculation Rate

In recent years, the rapid growth of hybrid vehicles has driven the development of dedicated hybrid engines (DHEs) as a key powertrain technology for achieving high thermal efficiency and low emissions. Driven by stringent emissions regulations and demand for improved fuel economy, enhancing thermal efficiency in gasoline engines remains a critical industry challenge. Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) technology dilutes oxygen in the intake charge, suppresses knock, and optimizes combustion phasing. However, excessive EGR rates compromise combustion stability by inducing elevated cyclic variability and potential misfire, posing challenges in maintaining stable combustion and improving fuel efficiency at high EGR levels. Thus, combustion stability and fuel efficiency optimization in Geely’s DHEs under high EGR conditions was investigated in this article. In this study, a high tumble combustion system was designed to enhance charge motion and promote stable flame propagation. Furthermore, exhaust gases were drawn from the upstream side of the three-way catalyst to realize high EGR rate. Additionally, high-energy ignition system was applied to ensure stable combustion under high EGR dilution conditions. Compared with the 1.5T engine with a similar technical route, the optimized DHE achieved a 5.4% increase in EGR rate and a 7.2 g/kWh reduction in brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC). These results demonstrate the feasibility of high EGR operation in gasoline engines through synergistic combustion system design and ignition enhancement, offering a scalable solution for meeting future fuel efficiency and emissions targets.