Complementary and Natural Therapies for Urinary Tract Infections UTIs: Knowledge and Practices in Jordan

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a prevalent health issue, particularly among women, and are commonly treated with antibiotics. However, increasing antimicrobial resistance has led to growing interest in complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) as a non-antibiotic approach to UTI prevention and management. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, practices, and perceptions of Jordanian adults regarding the use of CAM therapies, including herbal remedies and natural products, for the prevention and treatment of UTIs. A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted using an online survey distributed via social media platforms. The questionnaire assessed sociodemographic characteristics, medical history, awareness of UTI risk factors, sources of CAM information, and perceptions toward CAM use. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were performed. A total of 429 participants completed the survey. Nearly half had a medical-related background, and 46.9% reported a personal or familial history of UTIs. While 54.3% preferred antibiotics for treatment, 42.7% used herbal remedies such as parsley and green tea. Awareness of key risk factors like low water intake (87.9%) and urine retention (90.2%) was high, but knowledge gaps persisted regarding hormonal and behavioral risk factors. Participants with medical education had significantly higher awareness scores (p < 0.001). Most participants perceived CAM as a culturally accepted practice. CAM therapies are widely used and culturally accepted in Jordan for UTI management. However, public education and professional guidance are essential to ensure their safe use.