Multilateral policy effectiveness in Latin American higher education technology integration during digital transformation

This study assessed the effectiveness of multilateral educational technology policies across five Latin American countries during 2015–2025 using panel data analysis. A Technology Integration Index measured higher education digitalisation outcomes while multilateral policy alignment scores quantified intervention intensity from World Bank, UNESCO, and Inter-American Development Bank programmes. Fixed effects regression analysis of 55 country-year observations showed that each unit increase in policy alignment corresponded to 2-point improvements in technology integration scores. World Bank programmes generated larger effects than UNESCO or IDB interventions, with policy effectiveness increasing during the post-COVID period. However, countries required alignment scores above 4.5 to experience measurable benefits, indicating that substantial multilateral commitment was necessary for observable technology integration improvements in Latin American higher education systems.