Artificial Intelligence in GamesAdvanced Graph Theory ResearchProbability and Statistical Research

Robert A. Beeler, Rodney Keaton

2026.3.5Art of Discrete and Applied Mathematics

DOI: 10.26493/2590-9770.1585.8c2

Abstract

Connect Four is a two player table. Players alternate dropping checkers into a 6 X 7 vertical grid. The first player to have four of their respective pieces on a horizontal, vertical, or diagonal row wins the game. In this paper, we consider playing connect four on trees. We are able to classify all trees on which the first player can win in their first four moves. We also give a construction of an infinite family of trees on which the first player can win. In addition, we consider trees of small diameter and trees in which the maximum degree is large.

Citation format

BEELER, Robert A.; KEATON, Rodney. Connect four on trees. Art of Discrete and Applied Mathematics, 2026.