Bidirectional and crossed AWGR-based interconnection for large-scale data centers

A novel, to our knowledge, bidirectional and crossed interconnection (BCI) based on array waveguide grating routers (AWGRs) is proposed for the data centers of large scale. In BCI, the AWGRs are crossed interconnected, and the transmissions are bidirectional. $N\times(N + 1)$ nodes can be interconnected with $N + 1$ $N$-port AWGRs and $N$ available wavelengths. The throughput depends on the communication patterns, as some communications need multiple hops. The expected value of average hops is analyzed and reduced by some methods. The proposed BCI is more cost-effective compared to previous proposals. The physical transmission in BCI is demonstrated by simulation, and the tested results show the feasibility of the signal transmissions in BCI.