Hormonal changes as a prognostic aspect of hyperplastic processes development in female patients with metabolic syndrome

Metabolic syndrome (MS), which encompasses obesity, hyperglycemia, hypertension, and atherogenic dyslipidemia, serves as a risk factor for the development of endometrial cancer, with obesity playing a particularly significant role. While adipose tissue was previously considered a passive energy reservoir, current evidence convincingly demonstrates its function as an endocrine secretory organ. This tissue synthesizes biologically active cytokine peptides known as adipokines. As primary adipose cytokines, adiponectin and leptin influence the development of metabolic diseases and carcinogenesis. Despite extensive research confirming the correlation between MS and endometrial hyperplastic processes, identifying the most effective prognostic marker for endometrial hyperplasia in patients with MS remains a pressing issue. This review synthesizes current knowledge on adipose tissue function, associated metabolic disorders, and the relationship between hormonal and inflammatory changes in adipose tissue and the occurrence of endometrial hyperplasia in patients with MS. A more profound understanding of the mechanisms and effects of adipose tissue hormones on the reproductive system during obesity is essential for the future development of precise prognostic criteria. KEYWORDS: metabolic syndrome, estrogen metabolites, endometrial hyperplasia, obesity, adiponectin, leptin. FOR CITATION: Fisenko A.D., Dobrokhotova Yu.E., Ilyina I.Yu., Khlynova S.A., Orlov E.N. Hormonal changes as a prognostic aspect of hyperplastic processes development in female patients with metabolic syndrome. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2026;9(1):30– 36 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2026-9-1-4