Performance Analysis and Metric Correlation in Blockchain Networks: Geth vs. Besu with and without Load Balancer

Blockchain technology has emerged as a disruptive innovation, facilitating decentralized and secure transactions across various domains. However, performance and scalability are critical challenges, especially for enterprise applications. This study evaluates the performance of two Ethereum-based blockchain clients: Geth (Go Ethereum) and Hyperledger Besu, under different network conditions, including the use of a Load Balancer. We conducted an extensive benchmarking analysis using the Hyperledger Caliper tool to measure key performance metrics such as Requests per Second (Req/s), Transactions per Second (TPS), Latency, and Resource Utilization (CPU and Memory). Additionally, we performed statistical analyses, including Percentage Difference, Coefficient of Variation, and Correlation between Metrics, to provide deeper insights. Our results indicate that Geth consistently outperforms Besu in terms of TPS and latency under high workloads, while Besu demonstrates greater stability and scalability as the number of nodes increases. The impact of the Load Balancer varies across metrics, improving throughput in some cases but increasing latency in others. These findings offer valuable insights for organizations selecting blockchain platforms for enterprise solutions, highlighting scenarios in which each client performs best.