Antihyperlipidemic and Antidiabetic Effect of Orthosiphon stamineus Benth Extract on Diabetic Rats

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease with elevated blood glucose levels. Impairment in insulin secretion, sensitivity, or both can cause this. This study investigates the antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic impact of O. stamineus in rats with alloxan-induced diabetes compared to control group rats. Forty rats were divided into four groups (each group 10 rats). Group A (control group) was given 1 mL of normal saline daily (10 mL/kg body weight (BW)), while in Group B, the diabetic rats were given 1 mL (120 mg/kg BW) of O. stamineus extract orally. Meanwhile, Group C, the diabetic rats, were given 1 mL of metformin (150 mg/kg BW), while Group D was a negative control group of untreated diabetic rats. The rats in groups B, C, and D were injected subcutaneously with alloxan (120 mg/kg BW) to induce diabetes. The results show that the rats with diabetes that were treated with the O. stamineus extract (Group B) showed significant lowering in blood glucose levels (p < 0.05) compared with the Group D rats, as well as significant lowering in the levels of serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc), triglyceride (TRG), and total cholesterol (TChol), and higher levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc) (p < 0.05). The findings of this study pinpoint that oral administration of O. stamineus extract improves the lipid profile and reduces the blood sugar level in both control and diabetic rats. O. stamineus is a promising antihyperlipidemic and antidiabetic agent that can have a positive effect on the management of diabetes and its complications.