Hiking as soft adventure tourism in South Africa: Insights from a systematised literature review

This study investigates hiking as a form of soft adventure tourism within the South African context, highlighting its potential as a sustainable, inclusive, and experience-driven sub-niche. Soft adventure activities such as hiking are characterised by low physical risk, minimal technical requirements, and broad accessibility, appealing to environmentally conscious and health-oriented travellers. Through a systematised literature review methodology, this study examines how hiking aligns with the principles of responsible tourism while contributing to rural development, environmental stewardship, and cultural preservation. Key South African trails, including those in the Drakensberg Mountains, Table Mountain, and the Otter Trail, are analysed for their recreational, educational, and socio-economic value. Findings indicate that hiking supports conservation and community-based tourism, though challenges such as inadequate infrastructure, safety concerns, and limited trail accessibility persist. The study also identifies future opportunities shaped by trends in solo travel, wellness tourism, and digital innovation. Emphasising strategic trail management, community engagement, and sustainable development, the paper provides insights for tourism stakeholders seeking to position hiking as a transformative and resilient tourism product. By contextualising hiking within broader adventure tourism discourse, this study contributes to the understanding of how nature-based travel can promote both personal enrichment and regional development.