Assessment of COVID-19's impact on China's domestic tourism revenue based on a new grey model with the Hausdorff operator

This study aims to construct a new grey model to assess the COVID-19's impact on China's domestic tourism revenue. Firstly, the Hausdorff accumulative generation operator and adaptive nonlinear correction term are introduced to the new model, with parameter optimization using PSO. Then, the new model is applied to assess the epidemic's impact on China's domestic tourism revenue. The performance result of the Hausdorff accumulative generation operator and adaptive nonlinear correction show that they can improve the model's prediction stability and simulation accuracy. The model result shows from 2020 to 2022 the average contribution of the epidemic to revenue is −64.51%, with a loss of 132,027.6 million yuan. This study has positive implications for enriching the application method of grey prediction model.