Ribcage Morphology in Native South American Populations From Different Altitudes: Insights From a Global Comparative Framework

Altitude shapes human morphology as highland populations must cope with cold and hypoxic environments. Although Andean highlanders have been proposed to exhibit larger and deeper ribcages, this idea is mainly based on research using disarticulated skeletal elements or non‐South American controls. The objective of this research is to study 3D ribcage configuration of native South American populations considering altitude and worldwide ribcage variation.