Metasurface-Enabled Tri-Band Coplanar Decagon Antenna Design and Analysis for Next- Generation Vehicular Communication

—This work aims to design a tri-band coplanar decagon-shaped antenna suited for vehicular communication using a metasurface approach. In order to serve applications including Global Positioning System (GPS), Long Term Evolution (LTE), Wi-Fi, and vehicular communication, this research paper develops a coplanar decagon-shaped antenna with dimensions of 30 mm × 30 mm × 1.6 mm. A decagon-shaped Split Ring Resonator (SRR) that is coplanar oriented with respect to the ground is incorporated into the antenna design. The emission pattern of the radio waves radiated by the driven element is manipulated by strategically implementing two L-shaped slots and four parasitic elements. By directing the waves in a specific beam, this modification enhances the antenna’s directivity (gain). Interestingly, the addition of metamaterial to the suggested design improved the efficiency from 60% to 87%, affecting the antenna’s gain and other radiative characteristics. The performance investigation demonstrates that the proposed antenna attains a gain of 3.2 dBi, 1.13 dBi, 4.6 dBi across multiple operating bands. The HFSS software is used to run the simulation in its entirety.