Solitary rectal ulcer: mechanisms of development, diagnosis and modern approaches to treatment (review)

The mechanisms of development, methods of diagnosis and treatment of solitary rectal ulcer syndrome (SRUS), including the possibility of using autologous stem cells obtained from adipose tissue in this pathology are described. Solitary ulcer syndrome of the rectum (SRUS) is a chronic, recurrent disease that does not have specific symptoms, with unclear aetiology and pathogenesis, variable endoscopic picture of inflammatory changes in the mucous membrane of the rectum. Diagnosis of SRUS is difficult in the vast majority of cases. There is no general consensus on the algorithms for treating SRUS to date. Treatment methods can be different, both conservative and surgical. However, at the moment there are no randomized controlled trials on late results of treatment. The variety of treatment approaches of SRUS reflects both the presence of a large number of unresolved issues and the relevance of further research, including the use of cellular biotechnology.