Krishnakumar Thankappan, Tejal Patel, L. R. Menon, D. Balasubramanian, S. Iyer
2026.2.1Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics of North America
tlooto Summary
A novel six-tiered classification system based on anatomic depth and tissue layers involved in reconstructing lateral gingivobuccal defects following oral cancer resection is proposed, aiming to standardize documentation, facilitate multicenter research, and guide flap selection.
Abstract
This article presents a comprehensive approach to reconstructing lateral gingivobuccal defects following oral cancer resection. The authors propose a novel six-tiered classification system based on anatomic depth and tissue layers involved: Classes 1 to 3 address partial-thickness defects (mucosa ± muscle), progressing from no bone involvement (class 1) to marginal/upper alveolar (class 2), and segmental bone resection (class 3). Classes 4 to 6 address full-thickness defects (including skin), similarly progressing through no bone, marginal/upper alveolar, and segmental bone resection. The classification aims to standardize documentation, facilitate multicenter research, and guide flap selection.
Citation format
THANKAPPAN, Krishnakumar, et al. Reconstruction of lateral gingivobuccal defects after oral cancer resection: A systematic approach based on a novel classification. Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics of North America, 2026, 38(3): 413–423.