Sexual function in chronic illness and cancer perspectives of the patient, partner, and healthcare provider; innovations; and updates: recommendations from the Fifth International Consultation on Sexual Medicine (ICSM 2024)

Abstract Introduction Disorders of chronic illness and certain cancers are common and can pose a substantial burden to the individual and their sexual partners. Objectives This manuscript reviews the substantial impact of chronic illness and cancer on sexual function from the perspectives of patients, partners, and healthcare providers. Convened by the Fifth International Consultation on Sexual Medicine, a multidisciplinary panel conducted a narrative review of current literature and expert consensus. The findings highlight both the direct and indirect effects of chronic diseases, breast and gynecological cancers, and oncological treatments on sexual health and relationships, emphasizing the importance of recognizing and addressing these issues to optimize care for individuals and their partners. Methods Narrative review of the existing literature and consensus recommendations from the expert panel. Results The direct and indirect impact of chronic disease and cancers and the impact of associated treatment interventions on sexual function and relationships is considerable. Conclusions An understanding of the impact of chronic illness and cancers, and the related treatment of such can aid clinicians and researchers in providing optimal care to the individual and their partner(s).