Enhanced Battery Energy Storage Damping Controller for Alleviation Sub-Synchronous Resonance in Wind Power Plants

This paper presents an enhanced Battery Energy Storage Damping Controller (BESDC) designed to alleviate the Sub-Synchronous Resonance (SSR) phenomenon in Fixed Series Compensated Transmission lines(FSCTL) interconnected with a Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG)-based wind plant. Compared to conventional damping controllers, the proposed BESDC includes a Supplementary Damping Signal (SDS) embedded into the d-q axis of the BESDC control channels. The SDS uses angular speed deviation, measured via a Wide Area Measurement System (WAMS), as its input signal. To enhance damping performance under various operating conditions, a hybrid approach combining eigenvalue analysis with an Upgraded Particle Swarm Optimization (UPSO) algorithm is employed to determine the optimal gain coefficient for the BESDC. The intermittency of wind speed and variations in the level of FSCTL are considered to evaluate the robustness of the proposed controller under real-world and worst-case scenarios. To validate its effectiveness, time-domain simulations were conducted in MATLAB/Simulink. The results validate that the proposed enhanced BESDC effectively stabilizes all previously unstable system modes at wind speeds of 7 m/s, 9 m/s, and 11 m/s, as well as at series compensation levels of 40%, 50%, and 60%. Compared to the traditional BESDC, the proposed controller offers improved damping performance and higher damping coefficients, indicating superior stability and robustness.