Forecasting Energy Consumption from EV Station Charging Using RNN, LSTM and GRU Neural Network

The increase in electric vehicles (EVs) has resulted in a substantial escalation in electricity consumption. This increased demand puts more stress on the overall power system. The current study offers a method to predict energy usage patterns by looking closely at when electric vehicles typically need to charge during the day. After that, the collected data were used to create a predictive model using three different deep learning methods: Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs), Long Short-Term Memory networks (LSTMs), and Gated Recurrent Units (GRUs). This study employs data pertaining to electric power consumption for EVs charging derived from Kamphaeng Phet Rajabhat University. The practical results show that the proposed model significantly outperforms in predicting power needs at the mentioned charging spots. This is evident in its precise prediction of the total power demands using the algorithm. Among the three types of deep learning structures studied, it's clear that the LSTMs type stands out as the best, achieving the most accurate results. This is supported by a Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 0.372 and a Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of 11.508%. Additionally, the inquiry facilitates a comprehensive comparison between the dynamics of demand and the parameters of supply. This process yields data that offers valuable insights crucial for the strategic identification of potential electric vehicle charging stations. It also enables the prudent utilization of remaining electrical capacity derived from production processes. These combined efforts converge to ensure the utmost extraction of utility.