Biosensors for Food Spoilage Detection: A Comprehensive Review of Current Advances

Food spoilage is an enormous problem in the food industry because it can result not only in wastage of food and financial losses but can also lead to health-related problems. Therefore, a timely identification of food deterioration is essential and can greatly help ensure food safety, minimize financial losses, and maintain consumer confidence. In recent years, biosensors have evolved into a rapid, sensitive, and highly reliable methods for detection of food spoilage indicators. Bio-sensors are composed of unique biological detection elements and transducer elements that enable the quantification of food spoilage markers like volatile organic gases, microorganisms