3D Roughness Parameters in Metal Surface Characterization

Surface characterization plays a crucial role in understanding the functional properties of metallic components, particularly in the context of advanced manufacturing technologies such as additive manufacturing and powder metallurgy. 3D roughness parameters, also called areal topography parameters, deliver a richer and more detailed characterization of surface features than conventional 2D approaches, offering insights into roughness, waviness, and other irregularities that influence the mechanical and functional performance of materials. This paper explores the application of areal topography parameters in characterizing metallic surfaces produced through various processing techniques, with a particular focus on laser surface treatment, powder compaction, and additive manufacturing. The study highlights the importance of selecting appropriate parameters to ensure reliable assessment of surface integrity, as well as their potential use in optimizing manufacturing processes. Special attention is given to the challenges associated with the standardization and interpretation of 3D parameters in industrial applications.