Investigation of Biomechanical Overload Effect on Dental Implant using Mechanical Properties Characterization

In this study, the suitability of various abutment materials for maintaining the stability of dental implants under primary stability is investigated. A 100N load is applied to the abutment surface to analyse the stress distribution on the cortical bone using a bone-implant model. Vertical and oblique (30°) loads are applied to compare stress distribution results. The equivalent Von Mises stress solution is obtained using ANSYS Workbench. A mesh size of 0.3 mm is used, and convergence for equivalent stress is achieved with a 5% allowable change. The material combinations Zc-Ti and Al-Ti exhibit the best overall stress distribution of Von Mises stress under both vertical and oblique loads. Regarding the stress transfer parameter (STP), the Ti-Ti (0.29325) material combination has the highest total STP for vertical load, followed by Zc-Ti (0.29159) and Al-Ti (0.28579). For oblique load, the material combination with the highest STP is Zc-Ti (0.15192), followed by Al-Ti (0.14481) and Ti-Ti (0.13364). This research addresses a significant research gap by evaluating the performance of combinations of the same metals or different mixes of metals under both vertical and oblique loads, providing valuable insights into the behaviour of dental implant materials under varying loading conditions.