The rs1800470 Polymorphism of TGF‐β1 Influences the Incidence of Peri‐Implantitis

Peri‐implantitis is a pathological condition occurring in tissues around dental implants. This study aims to analyse the effect of TGF‐β1 rs1800470 polymorphism on peri‐implantitis. A total of 160 patients with implants without peri‐implantitis and 160 patients with peri‐implantitis were recruited from the clinic for this study. The genotype of TGF‐β1 rs1800470 and TGF‐β1 expression were detected by TaqMan‐qPCR and RT‐qPCR, respectively. Distributions of genotypes and allele frequencies were analysed by the chi‐square test. A Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) test was performed to detect whether the gene distribution was established. The diagnostic value of TGF‐β1 for peri‐implantitis was analysed by the ROC curve. TGF‐β1 expression was significantly lower in peri‐implantitis patients, which has diagnostic significance for peri‐implantitis. TGF‐β1 rs1800470 genotypic distribution conformed to the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium test. CT and TT genotypes were significantly correlated with the development of peri‐implantitis (p = 0.004, OR = 2.107, 95% CI = 1.259–3.527). CT and TT genotypes were validated as causative genotypes for peri‐implantitis. Polymorphisms at the TGF‐β1 rs1800470 locus have an impact on the development of peri‐implantitis, and CT and TT genotypes increase the risk of developing peri‐implantitis.