Efficacy of spleen aminopeptide combined with budesonide nebulization in the treatment of pediatric bronchial asthma and its impact on immune function and inflammatory cytokines.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of spleen aminopeptide(SAP) combined with budesonide nebulization(BN) in the treatment of pediatric bronchial asthma, and its impact on the immune function and inflammatory cytokines of the affected population.

Methodology This was a retrospective study. A total of 120 children with bronchial asthma admitted to Baoding Hospital, Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from December 2022 to October 2024 were enrolled and randomly divided into the control group(received symptomatic treatment along with BN) and study group(received additional oral SAP based on the control group regimen), with 60 cases in each group. After treatment, the clinical efficacy, adverse drug reaction(ADR) rate, changes in immune markers, and inflammatory cytokines were compared between the two groups.

Results The overall response rate was 93% in the study group and 78% in the control group, with a statistically significant difference(p= 0.02). The ADR was 15% in the study group and 12% in the control group, with no significant difference between the groups(p= 0.60). After treatment, levels of CD3+, CD4+, and CD4+/CD8+ ratio were significantly higher in the study group compared to the control group(p= 0.00, respectively). Additionally, post-treatment levels of TNF-α, CRP, and IL-6 were significantly lower in the study group than in the control group(p = 0.00, respectively).

Conclusion The combination therapy using SAP and BN demonstrates significant clinical efficacy in treating pediatric bronchial asthma. SAP plus BN can effectively enhance immune function and reduce levels of inflammatory cytokines without significantly increasing adverse reactions.