Perceptions of Audio Introduction by the Blind and Partially Sighted Audiences in Iran

Audiovisual Translation (AVT) advocates for further access to multimedia content for individuals with special needs. Audio Description (AD) and Audio Introduction (AI) tools serve to facilitate the engagement of Blind and Partially Sighted (BPS) individuals with these contents, contributing to media accessibility. Given the emergence of AI as a phenomenon in Iran, this study delves into the perceptions and suggestions of BPS audiences regarding this supplementary tool. For this purpose, four AIs were selected. Subsequently, the data were collected through a semi-structured online focus group and interviews conducted on the “TeamTalk” platform. The gathered data were then transcribed and analysed using grounded theory. The results unveiled four interconnected categories, each with corresponding subcategories, essential for the production of AIs. The findings highlighted that AI is a beneficial tool, aiding in the comprehension, visualisation, and enhanced enjoyment of content among BPS individuals. Lay summary Audio Introduction (AI) provides supplementary audio information before the main content of the Audio Description (AD) and offers additional context to enhance the understanding of the blind and partially sighted (BPS) audiences. We studied the perceptions of AI among BPS individuals in the context of Iran, aiming at getting insight into how AIs impact BPS audiences’ comprehension and enjoyment of multimedia content. Twelve participants, with diverse backgrounds and varying degrees of vision loss, were invited to participate. Data was collected through semi-structured online focus group discussions and individual interviews using the “TeamTalk” platform. These sessions were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using grounded theory procedures. The findings indicate that AIs significantly enhance the understanding and enjoyment of audiovisual products for BPS individuals. Participants reported that AIs help bridge visual gaps, providing context and room for anticipation which helps better understanding. This additional initial information enables BPS audiences to make more informed choices about the content they consume. However, the study also identified some challenges. If AIs are too lengthy, detailed, judgmental, and revealing, they can become tedious and distract the audience from the main content. Participants stressed the importance of balancing necessary information with conciseness and engagement. In conclusion, AIs proved to be a valuable tool for improving media accessibility for BPS audiences. By catering to the specific needs and preferences of this group, AIs can make multimedia content more inclusive and enjoyable.