Art Therapy and Mental HealthChild Therapy and DevelopmentPsychotherapy Techniques and Applications

Maria Riccardi, Lisa D. Hinz, Gabrielle Gingras, Joshua KM Nan, Kathy Gotshall

2026.2.1ARTS IN PSYCHOTHERAPY

DOI: 10.1016/j.aip.2025.102411

Abstract

The demand to cover extensive instructional material in art therapy supervision can affect the self-efficacy of a supervisee and supervisor. Co-creating and art-making in art therapy supervision can enhance the effectiveness, growth and depth of the supervisory relationship. We propose a novel art-based model of supervision rooted in the Expressive Therapies Continuum, which we have been using and teaching for the past several years. The supervisory approach involves mastering the Expressive Therapy Continuum model, creating artwork with the supervisee, exploring artistic preferences and aversions, and strengthening supervisory alliances. The Expressive Therapies Continuum supervision process begins with the development of a collaborative plan in which the supervisor and supervisee jointly establish goals to support professional growth. It continues with mastery of the Expressive Therapies Continuum model, including gaining an in-depth understanding of the media dimension variables and their likely impact on the therapeutic process. Finally, the model uses Expressive Therapist Self-Inquiry to support an examination of artistic preferences and aversions and their possible influences on the art therapy process and the development of professional identity. This article presents multiple practical examples of the Expressive Therapies Continuum supervisory model, including a case vignette that illustrates its application. • We propose an art-based supervision model using the Expressive Therapy Continuum • The model includes co-creating art, exploring preferences/biases, and building alliances • It emphasizes mastering the Expressive Therapy Continuum and its application • Media choices are examined for their therapeutic effects on clients • Self-inquiry helps explore how artistic preferences shape identity and practice

Citation format

RICCARDI, Maria, et al. Canvas of connection: An expressive therapies continuum arts-based supervision approach. ARTS IN PSYCHOTHERAPY, 2026, 97: 102411.