STM32 multicore load balancing communication platform design research for industrial settings

This paper designs and investigates an STM32-based multicore load-balanced communication platform tailored for industrial field environments. The platform fully leverages the low power consumption and high integration characteristics of the STM32 microcontroller, incorporating multiple optimised communication modules. These include an anti-interference RS485 communication system based on the Modbus protocol, a high-speed communication mechanism between the STM32 and an FPGA coprocessor via the FSMC parallel interface, and a wireless laser communication subsystem equipped with multipath channel estimation and parallel equalisation capabilities. For wireless communication, the platform employs dynamic clock frequency adjustment and sleep mode strategies, significantly reducing the power consumption of both the processor and the RF module, achieving a low power level of 10–30 μJ under continuous data transmission. Experimental results obtained using the SMARTConvert test platform show significant improvements in communication stability, energy efficiency, and throughput. These results validate the feasibility and advantages of the STM32 multicore architecture in achieving load-balanced communication for industrial applications.