Christian legacy of Tur Abdin

The article examines the situation in the southeast of Turkey, primarily in the Tur Abdin region, where religious minorities belonging to various branches of Christianity currently reside. The main Christian denominations present in Turkey today are outlined. The historical trajectory of Christianity on the territory of modern Turkey is analyzed. The principal religious minorities living in Turkey at present are identified. Special attention is given to the largest religious minorities in the region under consideration — the Syriac Jacobites and the Assyrians. Accordingly, the article examines the status of the Syriac Orthodox Church and the Assyrian Church of the East in Turkey. The study analyzes the position of Christians within the modern Turkish state, key historical changes and trends, as well as the problems and specific features of the legal regulation of Christian minorities. It addresses issues concerning the rights of communities as religious and ethnic minorities, including matters of property. The article reviews Turkey’s domestic situation and the influence of its religious policy on the international stage. A perspective is offered on the future development of the situation, particularly regarding the role and status of Turkish Christians in the context of Turkey–EU relations. The article also outlines the characteristics of the area inhabited by Christians in southeastern Turkey, the rich history of Tur Abdin, its major towns, and its cultural, historical, and religious landmarks. It examines the history and significance of monastic complexes, churches, and religious monuments associated with the Syriac Jacobites and Assyrians on Turkish territory. Contemporary scholarly research is used to determine the current condition of these sites, many of which are threatened by destruction or disappearance due to various factors. The most affected sites of religious heritage are identified, and an assessment is given of the conditions for their preservation and the need for state intervention and archaeological restoration work. Finally, the general situation of Christians in modern Turkey is evaluated, considering the challenges and risks faced by this religious minority.