Felix J. Klimitz, Leonard Knoedler, Samuel Knoedler, Bohdan Pomahac, Martin Kauke-Navarro
tlooto Summary
A deeper understanding of CR pathophysiology is critical to improving graft longevity and patient quality of life in fVCA, and the need for molecular diagnostics, targeted immunomodulation, and antifibrotic therapies is critical.
Abstract
Chronic rejection (CR) remains a major barrier to long-term success in facial vascularized composite allotransplantation (fVCA), particularly in facial transplants. Unlike acute rejection, CR is a gradual, progressive process marked by vasculopathy, fibrosis, and...
Citation format
KLIMITZ, Felix J., et al. Chronic rejection in facial vascularized composite allotransplantation (fvca). Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation, 2026, 77: 201–221.