A Retrospective Analysis of Prevalence, Bacteriological Characteristics, and Antibiotic Sensitivity Patterns of Urinary Tract Infection in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are frequent infections that doctors treat as inpatients or outpatients. The study was done to assess the etiological factors, susceptibility to bacteria, and use of antibiotics for UTIs. For 18 months, a retrospective analysis including 200 patients (n=200) was conducted in a tertiary care facility. Pregnant and lactating women, postpartum women, geriatric male and female patients, outpatients, inpatients, including those in the intensive care unit, and pediatric patients were all excluded. To gather the necessary data, a data collection form was created. Information was gathered on the patient's demographics, medical history, comorbid conditions, lab results, and recommended course of therapy. In order to determine the most likely etiology of UTI, etiological factors were examined. Male patients who were >55 years of age were more affected with UTIs as compared to females (n=50). Comorbid conditions like diabetes mellitus (47.5%) and hypertension (55%) were followed by the same combination (35%) and kidney-related disease (32.5%), respectively. Parameters like CRP levels (55%) and abnormal serum creatinine (n=30) in both males and females were also evaluated with significant effect (**p=0.0086). Amongst the organisms, gram-negative bacteria (n=140), followed by fungi (n=28) and gram-positive bacteria (n=20), were reported. In the treatment, carbapenems (40%), followed by cephalosporins (25%) and a combination of other drugs (15%), were reported. The study concluded that, when an etiological factor for the UTIs is known, it would be easier to heed a proper treatment with the prescription of a suitable antibiotic so that further complications and resistance are under control. Hence, analysing and assessing the cause for UTIs is extremely important for successful treatment. DOI: https://doi.org/10.52783/jchr.v15.i6.10724