AI-Based wearable biomechanical feedback system for optimising NASM-OPT training in hybrid cheerleading education

Cheerleading is a complex competitive sport requiring high levels of strength, flexibility, coordination, and movement precision. To address the demands of hybrid sports education, this study proposes a biomechanically enhanced adaptation of the National Academy of Sports Medicine Optimum Performance Training (NASM-OPT) model for cheerleading instruction. An AI-integrated wearable system was used to provide real-time biomechanical feedback and dynamically adjust training protocols, supporting injury prevention and performance enhancement. A 12-week controlled experiment was conducted at Tianjin Sino-German University of Applied Sciences, involving an experimental group using the optimised NASM-OPT model and a control group following traditional training. The experimental group completed progressive training aligned with the five NASM-OPT phases, incorporating biomechanical factors such as joint angles, load distribution, and movement efficiency, alongside a hybrid teaching approach combining online theory and offline practice. Performance was assessed through indicators including explosive power, dynamic balance, flexibility, and coordination. Results showed significant improvements in the experimental group across all metrics (p < 0.01). These findings demonstrate that integrating biomechanical principles into structured training frameworks effectively enhances cheerleading performance in hybrid learning environments and offers a scalable approach for sports education.