Global Burden of Ischemic Stroke Attributable to High Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Consumption from 1990 to 2021 and Projections to 2045.

BACKGROUND This study aims to quantify the global, regional, and national burden of ischemic stroke attributable to high sugar-sweetened beverage consumption (IS-HSSBC), analyze temporal trends, and provide evidence to support public health policy development.

METHODS Data were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study (2021), covering 204 countries and territories. Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were used as a comprehensive measure of disease burden. Decomposition analysis, cross-country inequality analysis, and predictive modeling were employed to identify sources of burden changes, evaluate disparities between countries, and forecast future trends.

RESULTS In 2021, the global number of DALYs due to IS-HSSBC reached 144,643.88, and deaths totaled 6,792.78, representing increases of 85% and 65% compared to 1990, respectively. High-middle SDI regions bore the highest burden but showed a slowing growth trend; in contrast, middle SDI regions experienced rapid growth. The highest number of DALYs occurred in the 70-74 age-group, while the highest age-standardized DALY rate and age-standardized mortality rate were observed in the 95+ age-group. Cross-country inequality analysis revealed a slight increase in absolute inequality and a marked reduction in relative inequality. Predictive analysis suggests that by 2045, DALYs and deaths due to IS-HSSBC will increase significantly, with higher case numbers in females than males.

CONCLUSION The impact of HSSBC on IS varies significantly across regions and countries, with middle-aged men and elderly women bearing a higher disease burden.