Interval breast cancer: current state of the problem

Breast cancer is a screenable disease. The purpose of screening is to improve the detection of breast cancer at early stages and reduce mortality from this pathology. One of the problems of screening is the possibility of diagnosing cancer in the interscreening period, which is defined as interval breast cancer (iBC). A review of the literature on this topic for the last 10 years is performed. Epidemiological data on iBC in the world are presented, a modern radiological classification, clinical, biological, and radiological features of iBC are indicated. Factors that increase the risk of detecting iBC are presented: age, interscreening interval, mammographic density, intake of hormonal drugs, aggravated personal and family oncological history, genetic rearrangements. Currently known prognostic models for the development of iBC are indicated. The world experience in the prevention of iBC development is summarized, including optimization of screening intervals, the use of additional or alternative methods of visualization of mammary gland pathology, the use of artificial intelligence technologies, and hormone prophylaxis.