Effects of core strengthening exercises on inspiratory muscle strength and functional capacity among obese college students

Background: Obesity weakens core muscles, impacting posture, balance, and respiratory function. Central obesity is particularly harmful due to its effect on visceral organs. Exercises targeting the core and respiratory muscles, such as inspiratory muscle training, are essential for managing obesity and enhancing functional capacity.

Objectives: To investigate the impact of core strengthening exercises on the strength of inspiratory muscles and overall functional capacity among obese college students.

Materials and methods: A 6-week experimental study was carried out involving 34 participants selected using convenience sampling methods. Individuals aged 18-25 years, regardless of gender, with a BMI exceeding 25 kg/m² were included in the study. Maximal inspiratory pressure was measured using a respiratory pressure meter, and the 6-minute walk test was used to measure functional capacity.

Results: The mean age of subjects was 20.85±1.63. The mean value of maximal inspiratory pressure (cmH₂O) pre-test was 95.09±9.58 and post-test was 95.85±9.39. The mean six-minute walk distance (metres) pre-test was 399.15±38.62 and post-test was 412.18±35.25. Both improvements were statistically significant (p=0.003 for MIP and p<0.001 for 6-MWTD)

Conclusion: A six-week core strengthening exercise programmme significantly increases the strength of inspiratory muscles and overall functional capacity among obese college students. These results support the clinical use of core exercises in obesity rehabilitation to enhance respiratory strength and physical function.